We highlight a noncanonical yet natural choice of variables for an efficient derivation of a kinetic equation for the energy density in nonisotropic systems, including internal gravity waves on a vertical plane, inertial, and Rossby waves. The existence of a second quadratic invariant simplifies the kinetic equation and leads to extra conservation laws for resonant interactions. We analytically determine the scaling of the radial turbulent energy spectrum. Our findings suggest the existence of an inverse energy cascade of internal gravity waves, from small to large scales, in practically relevant scenarios.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.014001 | DOI Listing |
Nanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
The development of copper-based materials with a high efficiency and low cost is desirable for use in iodine (I) remediation. Herein, Cu-nanoparticles-functionalized, ZIF-8 (Zeolite Imidazole Framework-8)-derived, nitrogen-doped carbon composites (Cu@Zn-NC) were synthesized by ball milling and pyrolysis processes. The as-prepared composites were characterized using SEM, BET, XRD, XPS, and FT-IR analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports (Basel)
January 2025
DMeM, University of Montpellier, INRAE, 34000 Montpellier, France.
Background: Objective training load (TL) indexes used in resistance training lack physiological significance. This study was aimed to provide a muscle physiology-based approach for quantifying TL in resistance exercises (REs).
Methods: Following individual torque-velocity profiling, fifteen participants (11 healthy males, stature: 178.
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
School of Mathematics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China.
A kinetic exchange model is developed to investigate wealth distribution in a market. The model incorporates a value function that captures the agents' psychological traits, governing their wealth allocation based on behavioral responses to perceived potential losses and returns. To account for the impact of transaction frequency on wealth dynamics, a non-Maxwellian collision kernel is introduced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India.
Modeling inorganic glasses requires an accurate representation of interatomic interactions, large system sizes to allow for intermediate-range structural order, and slow quenching rates to eliminate kinetically trapped structural motifs. Neither first principles-based nor force field-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulations satisfy these three criteria unequivocally. Herein, we report the development of a machine learning potential (MLP) for a classic glass, B2O3, which meets these goals well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
The sluggish water oxidation reaction (WOR) is considered the kinetic bottleneck of artificial photosynthesis due to the complicated four-electron and four-proton transfer process. Herein, we find that the WOR can be kinetically nearly barrierless on four representative photoanodes (i.e.
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