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The perception of dramatic risks: Biased media, but unbiased minds.
Cognition
May 2024
Technical University of Munich, School of Management, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 München, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Adaptive Rationality, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
In their famous study on risk judgments, Lichtenstein, Slovic, Fischhoff, Layman, and Combs (1978) concluded that people tend to overestimate the frequencies of dramatic causes of death (e.g., homicide, tornado) and underestimate the frequencies of nondramatic ones (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe influence of individualistic worldviews on severe weather preparation.
J Emerg Manag
December 2022
Department of Political Science, Southern Climates Impacts Planning Program; Department of Political Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0147-3857.
How do people think they should prepare for tornadoes? To answer this question, we surveyed 340 people in six states in tornado alley and presented eight severe weather preparation choice sets that varied short and long-term benefits and costs with benefits or to the individual or to the community. Fifty-six percent of respondents preferred tornado preparations for the long-term that benefit individuals rather than the community. Correlations between personal characteristics, future expectations, and an individual's preferred preparation strategy show that being married, expecting stronger tornados, and having an individualistic worldview significantly increased the choice of individual preparation options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of psychological stress on adverse pregnancy outcomes and nonpharmacologic approaches for reduction: an expert review.
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM
November 2020
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
Both acute and chronic stress can cause allostatic overload, or long-term imbalance in mediators of homeostasis, that results in disruptions in the maternal-placental-fetal endocrine and immune system responses. During pregnancy, disruptions in homeostasis may increase the likelihood of preterm birth and preeclampsia. Expectant mothers traditionally have high rates of anxiety and depressive disorders, and many are susceptible to a variety of stressors during pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDispositional mindfulness mediates the relations between neuroticism and posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in Chinese adolescents after a tornado.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry
July 2019
1 School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, P. R. China.
Previous studies have shown that neuroticism is associated with higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in individuals who have experienced traumatic events. This study investigated dispositional mindfulness as one pathway in which neuroticism is related to PTSD and depression symptoms among Chinese adolescents who have experienced trauma by considering the role of dispositional mindfulness. Participants were 443 Chinese adolescents who had experienced a severe tornado a year prior to this study.
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