The pharmacokinetics in patients dosed with the nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agent SN132D is explained by a size dependent clearance mechanism and this behavior was modeled numerically. Blood samples from 14 patients were analyzed for silicon (a component of the nanoparticle) by ICP-OES. The pharmacokinetic model has only one free parameter and relies on a measured size distribution of the contrast agent and well-established properties of the renal and cardiovascular systems. The model fits well (R = 0.9910) with experimental data from samples taken from ten minutes to two weeks after start of infusion. These results support that the cut-off diameter for human renal filtration is 5.5 nm. The agreement between experiment and model implies that there is little or no plasma protein binding to the nanoparticles.
Background: Aging population is a significant issue in Viet Nam and across the globe. Elderly individuals are at higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those with diabetes. Several studies found that the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) determined using creatinine-based equations was not as accurate as that determined using cystatin C-based equations.
Background: Kidney function loss or renal insufficiency indicated by elevated creatinine levels and/or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/minute/1.73 m² at presentation in patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is commonly seen as a poor prognostic marker for kidney survival. However, a pre>vious study from our center suggested this may be due to hemodynamic factors.
Background: Primary immunoglobulin (Ig)-associated mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (Ig-MCGN) is an immune complex glomerulonephritis of unknown etiology. It is a common cause of chronic kidney disease in developing countries. There is limited data available on renal and patient outcomes of this disease from developing countries.
The growing incidence of obesity and the rising trend of increased age during pregnancy have led to a high number of pregnant women with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Chronic hypertension is commonly associated with CKD and is not only the result of renal damage but is also the cause of declining renal function. Pregnancy and its unique physiological adaptations are affected by a decrease in the filtration capacity of the kidneys.
Background: Globally, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary cause of chronic kidney disease. Currently, renal function is monitored indirectly using measures of serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria. Novel urinary biomarkers utilized in the early stages of DN have been described; these indicators can be used in the early identification of the disease, which is important for initiating treatment to halt or impediment the advance of diabetic nephropathy.
