AI Article Synopsis
- People with major depressive disorder (MDD) might not be good at getting excited about rewards, which this study wanted to check by looking at their brain activity when they were waiting for a reward.
- The researchers found that individuals with MDD reacted slower and showed less brain activity (measured by SPN) when they were anticipating a reward compared to those without depression or with both depression and anxiety.
- They think that how the brain gets ready for rewards might be different in people with MDD, which could help understand more about depression and how it affects people differently.
Article Abstract
Background: Reward processing dysfunction is a core characteristic of major depressive disorder (MDD), yet event-related potential (ERP) research in MDD has predominantly focused on reward receipt as opposed to anticipation. The stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) ERP reflects anticipatory brain processing. This study examines whether individuals with MDD exhibit deficits during reward anticipation as evidenced by altered SPN amplitude.
Methods: We assessed prefeedback-SPN amplitudes during a monetary incentive delay (MID) task in individuals with MDD (n = 142, 99 with comorbid anxiety disorders [MDD + ANX]) compared to Controls (n = 37). A mixed analysis of variance was performed on prefeedback-SPN amplitude and behavioral measures, with group (MDD, MDD + ANX, Control) as the between-subjects factor, and feedback (gain, loss) and electrode (F3, F4, Fz, C3, C4, Cz, P3, P4, Pz) as within-subjects factors.
Results: A group main effect revealed faster reaction times for the Control group than MDD and MDD + ANX groups. A group x feedback interaction indicated that the MDD subgroup had smaller prefeedback-SPN amplitudes than MDD + ANX and Control groups when anticipating gain feedback. Additionally, individuals with current MDD, irrespective of past MDD and comorbid anxiety, exhibited smaller SPN amplitudes than Controls prior to gain feedback.
Limitations: The MID paradigm, designed for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquisition, lacks optimization for ERP analysis. Moreover, the clinical groups included more females than the Control group.
Conclusions: Reduced resource allocation to reward anticipation may differentiate MDD from MDD + ANX and Control groups. Further investigation of the neural mechanisms of distinct MDD phenotypes is warranted.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316661 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.060 | DOI Listing |
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