AI Article Synopsis
- - The study examined how long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) affects the relationship between physical activity (PA) and type 2 diabetes risk among 71,689 participants, revealing an unclear interaction between the two.
- - Results showed that higher levels of PA significantly lowered the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in areas with low PM levels, but the protective effect diminished and even reversed in high PM areas, with increased risks observed at higher PA intensities.
- - The conclusion emphasized that while PA can reduce diabetes risk in low pollution settings, high PM exposure may undermine these benefits, highlighting the need for careful consideration of health risks for residents in polluted environments.
Article Abstract
Background: Despite the adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) on type 2 diabetes and the beneficial role of physical activity (PA), the influence of PM on the relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes remains unclear.
Methods: In this prospective study with 71,689 participants, PA was assessed by a questionnaire and was categorized into quartiles for volume and three groups for intensity. Long-term PM exposure was calculated using 1-km resolution satellite-based PM estimates. PM exposure and PA's effect on type 2 diabetes were assessed by cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards models, individually and in combination.
Results: In 488,166 person-years of follow-up, 5487 incident type 2 diabetes cases were observed. The association between PA and type 2 diabetes was modified by PM. Compared with the lowest quartile of PA volume, the highest quartile was associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in low PM stratification (≤65.02 µg/m) other than in high PM stratification (>65.02 µg/m), with the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.85) and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.99-1.22), respectively. Similar results were observed for PA intensity. High PM exposure combined with the highest PA levels increased the risk of type 2 diabetes the most (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.59-2.01 for PA volume; HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.64-2.02 for PA intensity).
Conclusion: PA could reduce type 2 diabetes risk in low-pollution areas, but high PM exposure may weaken or even reverse the protective effects of PA. Safety and health benefits of PA should be thoroughly assessed for long-term polluted residents.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11252432 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.128 | DOI Listing |
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