The Impact of an Accelerated Diagnostic Protocol Using Conventional Troponin I for Patients With Cardiac Chest Pain in the Emergency Department.

Background: This study strove to assess the impact of the implementation of an accelerated diagnostic protocol (ADP), using shortened serial-testing intervals and a conventional troponin I (c-TnI) test, on emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults (aged ≥ 18 years) presenting to a Canadian ED with a primary complaint of cardiac chest pain between January 14, 2017 and January 15, 2019. For non-high-risk patients, the troponin delta timing decreased from 6 hours to 3 hours, and a different conventional troponin I level cut-point was implemented on January 15, 2018. The primary outcome was ED LOS. Secondary outcomes included disposition status, consultation proportions, and major adverse cardiac events within 30 days.

Results: A total of 3133 patient interactions were included. Although the overall decrease in median ED LOS was not significant ( = 0.074), a significant reduction occurred in ED LOS (-33 minutes; 95% confidence interval: -53.6 to -12.4 minutes) among patients who were discharged in the post-ADP group. Consultations were unchanged between groups (36.1% before vs 33.8% after;  = 0.17). The major adverse cardiac events outcomes were unchanged across cohorts (15.9% vs 15.3%;  = 0.62).

Conclusions: The implementation of an ADP, with a conventional troponin I test, for cardiac chest pain in a Canadian ED was not associated with a significant reduction of LOS for all patients; however, a significant reduction occurred for patients who were discharged, and the strategy appears safe.