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Spontaneous base flipping helps drive Nsp15's preferences in double stranded RNA substrates.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
Coronaviruses evade detection by the host immune system with the help of the endoribonuclease Nsp15, which regulates levels of viral double stranded RNA by cleaving 3' of uridine (U). While prior structural data shows that to cleave double stranded RNA, Nsp15's target U must be flipped out of the helix, it is not yet understood whether Nsp15 initiates flipping or captures spontaneously flipped bases. We address this gap by designing fluorinated double stranded RNA substrates that allow us to directly relate a U's sequence context to both its tendency to spontaneously flip and its susceptibility to cleavage by Nsp15.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCopper inactivates DcsB by oxidizing the metal ligand Cys86 to sulfinic acid.
FEBS J
December 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan.
N-hydroxy-l-arginine amidinohydrolase (EC:3.5.3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleosome flipping drives kinetic proofreading and processivity by SWR1.
Nature
December 2024
Single Molecule Biophysics Group, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
The yeast SWR1 complex catalyses the exchange of histone H2A-H2B dimers in nucleosomes, with Htz1-H2B dimers. Here we used single-molecule analysis to demonstrate two-step double exchange of the two H2A-H2B dimers in a canonical yeast nucleosome with Htz1-H2B dimers, and showed that double exchange can be processive without release of the nucleosome from the SWR1 complex. Further analysis showed that bound nucleosomes flip between two states, with each presenting a different face, and hence histone dimer, to SWR1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) detection and counting with a cost-effective deep learning approach on the Raspberry Pi.
Plant Methods
October 2024
The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
Background: The cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a major global pest, causing significant crop damage through viral infestation and feeding. Traditional B. tabaci recognition relies on human eyes, which requires a large amount of work and high labor costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllosteric mechanism of membrane fusion activation in a herpesvirus.
bioRxiv
September 2024
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 0211.
infect nearly all humans for life, causing diseases that range from painful to life-threatening. These viruses penetrate cells by employing a complex apparatus composed of separate receptor-binding, signal-transmitting, and membrane-fusing components. But how these components coordinate their functions is unknown.
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