In the era of personalized/precision health care, additional effort is being expended to understand the biology and molecular mechanisms of disease processes. How these mechanisms are affected by individual genetics, environmental exposures, and behavioral choices will encompass an expanding role in the future of optimally preventing and treating diseases. Considering saliva as an important biological fluid for analysis to inform oral disease detection/description continues to expand. This review provides an overview of saliva as a diagnostic fluid and the features of various biomarkers that have been reported. We emphasize the use of salivary biomarkers in periodontitis and transport the reader through extant literature, gaps in knowledge, and a structured approach toward validating and determine the utility of biomarkers in periodontitis. A summation of the findings support the likelihood that a panel of biomarkers including both host molecules and specific microorganisms will be required to most effectively identify risk for early transition to disease, ongoing disease activity, progression, and likelihood of response to standard periodontal therapy. The goals would be to develop predictive algorithms that serve as adjunctive diagnostic tools which provide the clinician and patient important information for making informed clinical decisions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12581 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Dent
December 2024
Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Objectives: This article investigates the changes in blood-based biomarkers associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk in type 2 diabetic patients following local antibiotic periodontal treatment.
Materials And Methods: A secondary analysis of data from a 24-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 27 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Participants received periodontal treatment biweekly from baseline until the 6th week of the study.
Eur J Dent
December 2024
School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Objectives: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that shifts cellular phenotype. It is linked to several different inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of the EMT process in an experimental periodontitis (EP) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Indian Soc Periodontol
December 2024
Department of Periodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Background: Periodontitis and diabetes are chronic diseases where inflammation plays a central role, with each condition exacerbating the other. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is implicated in periodontitis and diabetes. The activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD), a key mediator of pyroptosis, promotes cytokine release and perpetuates tissue destruction in both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Inflamm Res
December 2024
Department of Periodontology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, People's Republic of China.
Background: Periodontitis represents an inflammatory disease with multiple contributing factors, affecting both oral and systemic health. The mechanisms linking mitochondrial dysfunction to immune responses in periodontitis remain unclear, limiting the development of individualized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Objective: This study aims to elucidate the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and immune responses in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, identify distinct molecular subtypes, and discover robust diagnostic biomarkers to support precision medicine approaches.
Int Dent J
December 2024
Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. Electronic address:
Background: Previous studies have indicated a potential relationship between iron status and oral health outcomes, specifically periodontitis and dental caries. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effects of iron status on these oral health conditions. The focus of this study was on key iron biomarkers, namely serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).
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