Correlation between ABO blood type and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients following hip fracture.

Objective: To examine the correlation between ABO blood type and the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery, while identifying contributing factors to thrombogenesis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 159 elderly patients with hip fractures treated at Tianjin Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University) from December 2021 to December 2023. The cohort was divided into two groups: those with O blood type (45 patients) and those with non-O blood types (114 patients). We analyzed clinical data and the incidence of LEDVT between the groups. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for LEDVT, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis evaluated the predictive efficacy of these factors.

Results: The incidence of LEDVT was significantly higher in the non-O blood type group compared to the O blood type group (34.21% vs. 15.56%, P = 0.0408). Logistic regression identified high body mass index (BMI), comorbid hypertension, low platelet count (PLT), prolonged prothrombin time (PT), and non-O blood type as independent risk factors for LEDVT. The ROC curve for these predictors showed an area under the curve of 0.862, with a sensitivity of 75.22%, a specificity of 86.96%, and an accuracy of 78.62%.

Conclusion: ABO blood type is correlated with the occurrence of LEDVT in elderly patients' post-hip fracture. Those with non-O blood type, alongside other factors such as high BMI, hypertension, low PLT, and extended PT, are at increased risk of developing LEDVT.