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Effects of a supraphysiological dose of testosterone cypionate on salivary gland function in adult male Wistar rats. | LitMetric

Effects of a supraphysiological dose of testosterone cypionate on salivary gland function in adult male Wistar rats.

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol

Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil. Electronic address:

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Rats treated with TC showed increased testosterone levels in both plasma and saliva but did not experience changes in salivary flow, pH, or buffering capacity; however, certain proteins and minerals in saliva decreased.
  • * The results indicate that TC may harm the parotid and submandibular glands, which could pose risks to oral and overall health for individuals who misuse anabolic steroids.

Article Abstract

The abusive use of anabolic androgenic steroids has become a serious health problem worldwide, but its effects on oral health are still poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a supraphysiological dose of testosterone cypionate (TC) on salivary biochemical, histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, and redox state parameters of parotid and submandibular glands. Twenty male Wistar rats, 12 weeks old, were divided into two groups (n=10/group): a control group and TC group, which received a dose of 20 mg/kg, once a week, for 6 weeks. Post treatment, the saliva and glands were collected. A supraphysiological dose of TC increased plasma and salivary testosterone concentrations. Although TC did not alter salivary flow, pH, and buffering capacity, the treatment increased the salivary secretion of total protein and reduced amylase, calcium, phosphate, and potassium. TC reduced the connective tissue area in the parotid gland and acinar area of the submandibular gland, while increasing the granular convoluted tubule area in the submandibular gland. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was higher in the acinar cells of the submandibular glands from the TC group. Moreover, TC increased concentrations of total oxidant capacity and damaged lipids in both salivary glands, while total antioxidant activity and uric acid were lower in the submandibular gland, and reduced glutathione was higher in both glands. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher in the parotid gland, while only glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in the submandibular gland of the TC group. In conclusion, TC abuse may be a potential factor for dysfunction of the parotid and submandibular glands, becoming a risk factor for the oral and systemic health of users.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106587DOI Listing

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