The influence of cooling history for the ZnGaGeO/Cr phosphors prepared by solid state reaction on the spectral properties was discovered, and an anticounterfeiting scheme based on the identification with smartphone was proposed and experimentally demonstrated using the studied phosphors. A combination of color-tunable visible fluorescence emission and near-infrared (NIR) afterglow emission in ZnGaGeO/ mol % Cr( = 0, 0.05, 1, 2, 3, and 4) phosphors to achieve multimode anticounterfeiting was reported. It is found that with the increasing Cr concentrations, the visible emission can be tuned from green, light pink, and light red to deep red under 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) excitation. This phenomenon is related to the formation of oxygen vacancies in the host during the process of natural cooling and the characteristic emission of Cr. In addition, the persistent time of the Cr emission centered at 700 nm can be also tuned by various Cr concentrations. A possible mechanism was deduced to explain the afterglow phenomenon. Lastly, a flower pattern applied in anticounterfeiting was fabricated using the ZnGaGeO/ mol % Cr ( = 0, 0.05, 1, 2, 3, and 4) phosphors to present tunable color and NIR afterglow signals at different excitation modes, and the camera of smartphone was chosen as a detection tool to take the NIR images. The results obtained above suggest that the prepared phosphors at natural cooling condition have great potential in affording advanced optical anticounterfeiting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01968 | DOI Listing |
Lasers Surg Med
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Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Pesticide Formulation Research Department, Central Agriculture Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
In a changing environment, vacant niches can be filled either by adaptation of local taxa or range-expanding invading species. The relative tempo of these patterns is of key interest in the modern age of climate change. Aotearoa New Zealand has been a hotspot of biogeographic research for decades due to its long-term isolation and dramatic geological history.
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