Screening of Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Cytotoxic Activities of Some Medicinal Plants from Balıkesir Province, Türkiye: Potential Effects of Flower.

Objectives: Plant extracts are important natural resources that may have antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects against pathogens. This study was conducted to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of some medicinal plants ( subspecies (A. Kern.) Velen., (L.) Cass, L, Brot., L., L., L., (L.) Caddick and Wilkin, L., Turra, Mill., Huds. subspecies (Sm.) Arcang., L. and L.) from Balıkesir province in Türkiye.

Materials And Methods: Preliminary antimicrobial activity screening was conducted for all extracts. Antibiofilm activity studies were conducted on mature biofilms. Moreover, the cytotoxicities of flower extract on A549 and Vero cell lines were determined using a colorimetric tetrazolium-based assay.

Results: flower, root, , and displayed good activity [minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC): 9.75, 156, 312, 312 and 312 μg/mL, respectively] against American Type Culture Collection 10231. Biofilm studies were conducted on these plant extracts. The methanol extract of flower decreased the number of [colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL] in mature biofilm statistically at 32 x MIC and higher concentrations ( < 0.01). flower extract had a cytotoxic effect (killing more than 50% of cells) at high concentrations, and its effect on Vero cells was similar to that on A549 cells.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated the importance of the methanol extract of flower as a natural alternative against infections, including biofilms.