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Altered activation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during oddball performance in individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease. | LitMetric

Altered activation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during oddball performance in individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease.

Span J Psychiatry Ment Health

Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Network Center for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Published: July 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Scientists studied how brain changes in older people could cause problems with thinking and feeling, particularly in those with mild cognitive issues and depression.
  • They looked at 12 people with mild cognitive impairment, 24 people with late-life depression, and 26 healthy individuals using brain scans and tests over 2 years.
  • The results showed that specific brain activity patterns could help doctors understand and spot early signs of thinking and mood problems that might lead to Alzheimer's disease.

Article Abstract

Introduction: The neural mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders in the elderly remain elusive, despite extensive neuroimaging research in recent decades. Amnestic type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and late-life major depressive disorder (MDD) are two such conditions characterized by intersecting cognitive and affective symptomatology, and they are at a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease.

Materials And Methods: This study analyzed the neural underpinnings of cognitive and depressive symptoms in a cohort comprising 12 aMCI subjects, 24 late-life MDD patients, and 26 healthy controls (HCs). Participants underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment and completed a visual attentional oddball task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with evaluations at baseline and at 2-year follow-up.

Results: Initial findings showed that aMCI subjects had reduced dACC activation during oddball (target) stimulus detection, a pattern that persisted in longitudinal analyses and correlated with cognitive functioning measures. For HCs, subsequent dACC activation was linked to depression scores. Furthermore, in the affective-cognitive altered groups, later dACC activation correlated with oddball and memory performance.

Conclusions: These findings enhance our comprehension of the neurobiological basis of cognitive and depressive disturbances in aging, indicating that dACC activation in response to a visual attentional oddball task could serve as a neural marker for assessing cognitive impairment and depression in conditions predisposing to Alzheimer's disease.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.07.001DOI Listing

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