Biobutanol production from underutilized substrates using : Unlocking untapped potential for sustainable energy development.

The increasing demand for sustainable energy has brought biobutanol as a potential substitute for fossil fuels. The genus is deemed essential for biobutanol synthesis due to its capability to utilize various substrates. However, challenges in maintaining fermentation continuity and achieving commercialization persist due to existing barriers, including butanol toxicity to , low substrate utilization rates, and high production costs. Proper substrate selection significantly impacts fermentation efficiency, final product quality, and economic feasibility in biobutanol production. This review examines underutilized substrates for biobutanol production by which offer opportunities for environmental sustainability and a green economy. Extensive research on , focusing on strain development and genetic engineering, is essential to enhance biobutanol production. Additionally, critical suggestions for optimizing substrate selection to enhance biobutanol production efficiency are also provided in this review. In the future, cost reduction and advancements in biotechnology may make biobutanol a viable alternative to fossil fuels.