Malaria poses a significant threat to global health, with particular severity in Nigeria. Understanding key factors influencing health outcomes is crucial for addressing health disparities. Disease mapping plays a vital role in assessing the geographical distribution of diseases and has been instrumental in epidemiological research. By delving into the spatiotemporal dynamics of malaria trends, valuable insights can be gained into population dynamics, leading to more informed spatial management decisions. This study focused on examining the evolution of malaria in Nigeria over twenty years (2000-2020) and exploring the impact of environmental factors on this variation. A 5-year-period raster map was developed using malaria indicator survey data for Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. Various spatial analysis techniques, such as point density, spatial autocorrelation, and hotspot analysis, were employed to analyze spatial patterns. Additionally, statistical methods, including Principal Component Analysis, Spearman correlation, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, were used to investigate relationships between indicators and develop a predictive model. The study revealed regional variations in malaria prevalence over time, with the highest number of cases concentrated in northern Nigeria. The raster map illustrated a shift in the distribution of malaria cases over the five years. Environmental factors such as the Enhanced Vegetation Index, annual land surface temperature, and precipitation exhibited a strong positive association with malaria cases in the OLS model. Conversely, insecticide-treated bed net coverage and mean temperature negatively correlated with malaria cases in the same model. The findings from this research provide valuable insights into the spatiotemporal patterns of malaria in Nigeria and highlight the significant role of environmental drivers in influencing disease transmission. This scientific knowledge can inform policymakers and aid in developing targeted interventions to combat malaria effectively.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-024-08276-0 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India, 91 9205059972.
Background: India is committed to malaria elimination by the year 2030. According to the classification of malaria endemicity, the National Capital Territory of Delhi falls under category 1, with an annual parasite incidence of <1, and was targeted for elimination by 2022. Among others, population movement across states is one of the key challenges for malaria control, as it can result in imported malaria, thus introducing local transmission in an area nearing elimination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalar J
January 2025
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Background: The Highlands of Papua New Guinea are non-endemic for malaria compared to the rest of the country. This study aimed to explore the local transmission of malaria in the Highlands through a cross-sectional school survey coupled with reactive case detection.
Methods: Between July and November 2019, 5575 schoolchildren and 1048 household members were screened for malaria using Rapid Diagnostic Tests, subsequently validated by light microscopy.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
The number of reported malaria cases transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes in the Republic of Korea (ROK) increased from 420 in 2022 to 746 in 2023, a 77.6% increase. Eight Anopheles species are currently reported in the ROK, including six species belonging to the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group and one species each belonging to the Barbirostris Group and Lindesayi Group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
USTTB FMOS, Bamako, Mali.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to selected health facilities in the Bamako district and Koulikoro region in Mali.
Design: This is a prospective cross-sectional study. Data were analyses using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.
We report two cases of recurrent malaria in U.S. travelers returning from Africa (Ghana and Central African Republic) despite a full course of artemether-lumefantrine (AL).
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