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Aqueous solubilization of porphyrins, often accomplished with appended polar aryl groups, can also be achieved with symmetrically branched alkyl (i.e., swallowtail) groups terminated with polar moieties.

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Article Synopsis
  • Clinical guidelines recommend using buffered crystalloid solutions for critically ill patients, but do not specify which type, prompting a survey of physicians' preferences between acetate- and lactate-buffered solutions.* -
  • An international survey of 1321 anesthesiologists and ICU physicians found that the majority used these solutions frequently, with varying availability of both types across different countries.* -
  • Most physicians supported a randomized trial comparing the two solutions, rating its clinical importance as significant, but not urgent, with a median score of 5 out of 9.*
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Enhanced buffering capacity following sodium citrate (SC) ingestion may be optimized when subsequent exercise commences at individual time-to-peak (TTP) alkalosis (blood pH or bicarbonate concentration [HCO3-]). While accounting for considerable interindividual variation in TTP (188-300 min), a reliable blood alkalotic response is required for practical use. This study evaluated the reliability of blood pH, HCO3-, and sodium (Na+) following acute SC ingestion.

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