AI Article Synopsis

  • Women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer, and it's unclear if common risk factors impact them the same way as the general population.
  • A study analyzed data from Denmark and Sweden, comparing ovarian cancer cases and controls in women with and without a family history, finding that factors like multiparity and oral contraceptive use are linked to reduced risk while endometriosis and menopausal hormone therapy are linked to increased risk.
  • Results suggest that risk-reduction factors are similar for both groups, but special focus should be given to specific risk factors like endometriosis in women with a family history due to their overall higher risk.

Article Abstract

Background: Women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer have an increased ovarian cancer risk. Yet it remains uncertain if common ovarian cancer risk factors-especially those that are modifiable-affect this high-risk population similarly to the general population.

Methods: Using the Danish and Swedish nationwide registers, we established 2 nested case-control study populations in women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (2138 ovarian cancers, 85 240 controls) and women without (10 730 ovarian cancers, 429 200 controls). The overall and histology-specific associations were assessed with conditional logistic regression. The country-specific estimates were combined based on a fixed-effect assumption.

Results: Multiparity, hysterectomy, tubal ligation, salpingectomy, and oral contraceptive (OC) use were associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer in women with and without a family history, while endometriosis and menopausal hormone therapy were associated with increased risk. Multiparity and OC use presented protective effects across all histologic subtypes except mucinous ovarian cancer, which was not associated with OC use. Menopausal hormone treatment increased the risk of serous ovarian cancer but decreased the risk of the mucinous and clear cell cancers. Endometriosis was especially related to an increased risk of endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer.

Conclusion: Factors associated with a decreased ovarian cancer risk were similar between women with and without a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Given the higher baseline risk for women with a family history, special attention should be paid to risk factors like endometriosis and nulliparity in this high-risk population.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djae164DOI Listing

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