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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_454_23 | DOI Listing |
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Surface Circular Photogalvanic Effect in Tl-Pb Monolayer Alloys on Si(111) with Giant Rashba Splitting.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
We have found that surface superstructures made of "monolayer alloys" of Tl and Pb on Si(111), having giant Rashba effect, produce nonreciprocal spin-polarized photocurrent via circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) by obliquely shining circularly polarized near-infrared (IR) light. CPGE is here caused by the injection of in-plane spin into spin-split surface-state bands, which is observed only on Tl-Pb alloy layers but not on single-element Tl nor Pb layers. In the Tl-Pb monolayer alloys, despite their monatomic thickness, the magnitude of CPGE is comparable to or even larger than the cases of many other spin-split thin-film materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResponse eQTLs, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin structure in chondrocytes provide mechanistic insight into osteoarthritis risk.
Cell Genom
January 2025
Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address:
Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a significant healthcare burden with limited treatment options. While genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 100 OA-associated loci, translating these findings into therapeutic targets remains challenging. To address this gap, we mapped gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and 3D chromatin structure in primary human articular chondrocytes in both resting and OA-mimicking conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShining a Light on Spectrophotometry in Bacteriology.
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December 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0905, USA.
Spectrophotometry is widely used in biological sciences. In bacteriology, spectrophotometric monitoring of cell numbers during cultivation provides a rapid assessment of growth. Unfortunately, familiarity with this technique has led scientists to become complacent in its usage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAre slow-growing broiler chickens actually better for animal welfare? Shining light on a poultry welfare concern using a farm-scale economic model.
Br Poult Sci
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Animal Ask, UK.
Article Synopsis
- This paper explores whether slow-growing broilers improve animal welfare, addressing a key knowledge gap for policymakers and NGOs.
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Photobiomodulation: shining a light on depression.
Theranostics
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
Depression is a prevalent public health issue, characterized by persistent low mood, impaired concentration, and diminished motivation. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which involves the application of red or near-infrared light, modulates physiological processes by enhancing cerebral blood flow, reducing inflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting neurogenesis. PBM can be administered transcranially or through systemic approaches, offering a potentially effective intervention for depression.
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