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Glaucoma Screening and Referral Risk Factors in a High-Risk Population: Follow-up Study of the Manhattan Vision Screening Study (NYC-SIGHT).
J Glaucoma
November 2024
Columbia University, Department of Ophthalmology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032.
Prcis: Community-based eye health screenings that incorporated fundus photography and optometric exams in a high-risk NYC population effectively identified a higher than average number of participants that required an in-office glaucoma evaluation.
Purpose: To report glaucoma screening rates and risk factors associated with referral for in-office glaucoma evaluation in the Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT).
Methods: In this 5-year, cluster-randomized clinical trial, eligible individuals aged 40 and older were recruited from affordable housing developments and senior centers.
Primary Peristalsis Is the Dominant Mechanism of Refluxate Clearance Following Gastroesophageal Reflux.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Background: Refluxate volume and pH drop following gastroesophageal reflux are mostly cleared by peristalsis. We evaluated the roles of primary volume clearing peristaltic wave (VCPW), secondary VCPW, post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW), and late primary peristaltic wave (LPPW) in refluxate clearance.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pH-impedance studies performed off therapy in 40 patients with typical esophageal symptoms.
Genetic Analyses on Transgender Individuals: Impact on Physician Attitudes and Surgical Decision-Making.
Brain Behav
January 2025
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Purpose: Genetic studies on the transgender and gender diverse (TGD) community have started to appear in the literature. However, there are limited studies on how genetic data will impact attitudes and perspectives toward TGD individuals. In this study, we investigated the impact of genetic alterations on physicians' attitudes toward TGD individuals and on physicians' decisions concerning gender confirmation surgery (GCS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of a national framework for rational use of medicines in Kazakhstan and its role in improving medicine use practices at the organizational and national levels.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Evidence-Based Medicine, NCJSC "Karaganda Medical University", 40, Gogolya St, Karaganda, 100000, Kazakhstan.
Background: Kazakhstan inherited the Semashko health system model, known for the centralized adoption of rules at the Ministry of Health (MoH) level that regulate the healthcare system. In 2019 MoH established a national framework with indicators aimed at collecting qualitative and quantitative data from healthcare organizations as part of their annual self-evaluation, and biannual external evaluation by the National Research Center for Health Development (NRCHD). The purpose of this study was to pilot the MoH framework on rational use of medicines and evaluate its effects on medicine use practices in health care organizations and at the national level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptome-wide association study identifies genes associated with bladder cancer risk.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have detected several susceptibility variants for urinary bladder cancer, but how gene regulation affects disease development remains unclear. To extend GWAS findings, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using PrediXcan to predict gene expression levels in whole blood using genome-wide genotype data for 6180 bladder cancer cases and 5699 controls included in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted gene-level odds ratios (OR) per 1-standard deviation higher expression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer risk.
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