AI Article Synopsis
- Chemical coagulation, using ferric chloride (FeCl), improves pollutant removal in dairy wastewater before it enters constructed wetlands, enhancing water quality measures like COD, TSS, TP, and TN compared to untreated wastewater.
- Despite slight changes in soil pH, calcium, and phosphorus levels, the overall soil properties remained largely unaffected, and the plants in the FeCl-treated systems showed lower nitrogen and phosphorus content without hindering their growth.
- Microbial community analysis indicated minimal differences between treated and untreated wastewater systems, with only 3.7% of genera showing significant variations, suggesting that FeCl application does not disrupt soil or plant properties or microbial function in constructed wetlands.
Article Abstract
Chemical coagulation has gained recognition as an effective technique to enhance the removal efficiency of pollutants in wastewater prior to their entry into a constructed wetland (CW) system. However, its potential impact on the chemical and microbial properties of soil and plant systems within CWs requires further research. This study investigated the impact of using ferric chloride (FeCl) as a pre-treatment stage for dairy wastewater (DWW) on the chemical and microbial properties of water-soil-plant systems of replicated pilot-scale CWs, comparing them to CWs treating untreated DWW. CWs treating amended DWW had better performance than CWs treating raw DWW for all water quality parameters (COD, TSS, TP, and TN), ensuring compliance with the EU wastewater discharge directives. Soil properties remained mostly unaffected except for pH, calcium and phosphorus (P), which were lower in CWs treating amended DWW. As a result of lower nitrogen (N) and P loads, the plants in CWs receiving FeCl-amended DWW had lower N and P contents than the plants of raw DWW CWs. However, the lower loads of P into amended DWW CWs did not limit the growth of Phragmites australis, which were able to accumulate trace elements higher than CWs receiving raw DWW. Alpha and Beta-diversity analysis revealed minor differences in community richness and composition between both treatments, with only 3.7% (34 genera) showed significant disparities. Overall, the application of chemical coagulation produced superior effluent quality without affecting the properties of soil and plant of CWs or altering the functioning of the microbial community.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142745 | DOI Listing |
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