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Child Access Prevention Laws and Pediatric Firearm Injury: A Rapid Review. | LitMetric

Child Access Prevention Laws and Pediatric Firearm Injury: A Rapid Review.

PRiMER

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Neurosurgery, and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.

Published: June 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Child firearm fatality rates in the US have increased since 2013, despite the existence of Child Access Prevention (CAP) laws designed to limit minors' access to guns since the 1980s.
  • A rapid review of 14 studies indicated that implementing CAP laws correlates with a reduction in pediatric firearm injuries and fatalities, especially in longitudinal studies comparing data before and after the laws' enactment.
  • The effectiveness of CAP laws in reducing child firearm injuries is greater when the laws are stricter, suggesting that the stringency of these laws plays a crucial role in their impact.

Article Abstract

Introduction: US child firearm fatality rates have risen since 2013. Child Access Prevention (CAP) laws aimed at reducing minors' access to firearms have existed since the 1980s. However, specific requirements for safe storage of firearms, standards of negligence, and penalties for offenders vary significantly by state, yielding a heterogeneous body of CAP legislation. A few studies have investigated the relative impacts of these laws on child firearm injury rates, with sometimes conflicting results. Here, we present a rapid review of the existing literature on CAP laws and their apparent impact on firearm-related injuries among US children, to assess whether CAP laws are an effective tool for reducing child firearm injuries.

Methods: We conducted a rapid review of published reports that evaluated the impact of CAP laws on pediatric firearm injuries and/or deaths in the United States. We extracted target population data and outcomes of each study. The data are presented narratively.

Results: A total of 14 articles met criteria for evaluation. Taken together, these studies showed that implementation of CAP legislation was associated with reduced pediatric firearm injuries and fatalities. Moreover, longitudinal or time-series studies that examined in pediatric firearm injuries pre/post-CAP legislation yielded the most consistent and robust findings.

Conclusion: CAP laws were found to be associated with reduced pediatric firearm injuries and deaths, with the magnitude of effect being proportional to CAP law stringency.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212692PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/PRiMER.2024.120398DOI Listing

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