AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the levels of various soluble immune mediators in gastric cancer (GC) patients compared to healthy controls, focusing on potential therapeutic targets for treatment.
- Results indicate low levels of sPD-1, sPD-L2, and sGal9, while levels of sPD-L1, sTIM-3, sGITR, and sGITRL were higher in GC patients, with variations based on cancer stages and specific tumor locations.
- Findings suggest a potential link between certain soluble mediators (sPD-1, sTIM-3, sGal9) and disease progression, as well as the association of low sGITR with increased mortality within the first
Article Abstract
Background: Co-inhibitor and co-stimulator mediators trigger actions that result in immunological homeostasis and are being evaluated as potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer (GC).
Objective: To evaluate the soluble levels of sPD-1, sPD-L1, sPD-L2, sTIM-3, sGal9, sGITR, and sGITRL in GC patients.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out at the Hospital de Cancer de Pernambuco, Brazil between 2017 and 2018. A total of 74 GC patients and 30 healthy controls were included.
Results: Low levels of sPD1 (p = 0.0179), sPDL2 (p = 0.0003), and sGal9 (p < 0.0001), and higher levels of sPDL1 (p = 0.004), sTIM-3 (p = 0.0072), sGITR (p = 0.0179), and sGITRL (p = 0.0055) compared to the control group. High sPD-1, sTIM-3, and sGal9 levels in stage IV compared I/II and III (p < 0.05). High sPDL1, sGal9, and sGITRL levels in esophagogastric junction compared to body and Pylorus/Antrum groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in sPD1, sPDL1, sPDL2, sTIM3, sGal9, sGITR, and sGITRL levels between the intestinal, diffuse, and mixed GC groups. Low sGITR levels in GC patients who died within the first 24 months compared to the who survived (p = 0.0332).
Conclusions: There is an association of sPD1, sTIM-3, and sGal9 with disease progression and sGITR with death, these mediators may be potential prognostic biomarkers in GC.
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