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The rhythm of horse gaits.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
December 2024
Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
What makes animal gaits so audibly rhythmic? To answer this question, we recorded the footfall sound of 19 horses and quantified the rhythmic differences in the temporal structure of three natural gaits: walk, trot, and canter. Our analyses show that each gait displays a strikingly specific rhythmic pattern and that all gaits are organized according to small-integer ratios, those found when adjacent temporal intervals are related by a mathematically simple relationship of integer numbers. Walk and trot exhibit an isochronous structure (1:1)-similar to a ticking clock-while canter is characterized by three small-integer ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe "Ticking Clock" of Impending Diabetes: Cause for Concern or Window of Opportunity?
J Am Coll Cardiol
December 2024
Center for Heart Disease Prevention, Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Global Health, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Shared biological factors may play a role in both the cognitive deficits and the increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed in individuals with Schizophrenia (SCZ). These factors could entail disturbances in tryptophan (Trp) to both melatonin (MLT) and kynurenine (Kyn) metabolic pathways, as well as inflammation and alterations in the gut microbiome composition.
Methods: The present research project aims to investigate this hypothesis by recruiting 170 SCZ patients from two different recruitment sites, assessing their cognitive functions and screening for the presence of metabolic syndrome.
Timing Mechanisms for Circadian Seizures.
Clocks Sleep
October 2024
Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
For centuries, epileptic seizures have been noticed to recur with temporal regularity, suggesting that an underlying biological rhythm may play a crucial role in their timing. In this review, we propose to adopt the framework of chronobiology to study the circadian timing of seizures. We first review observations made on seizure timing in patients with epilepsy and animal models of the disorder.
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