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Analysis of beta-cell maturity and mitochondrial morphology in juvenile non-human primates exposed to maternal Western-style diet during development.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
August 2024
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
Introduction: Using a non-human primate (NHP) model of maternal Western-style diet (mWSD) feeding during pregnancy and lactation, we previously reported altered offspring beta:alpha cell ratio and insulin hyper-secretion Mitochondria are known to maintain beta-cell function by producing ATP for insulin secretion. In response to nutrient stress, the mitochondrial network within beta cells undergoes morphological changes to maintain respiration and metabolic adaptability. Given that mitochondrial dynamics have also been associated with cellular fate transitions, we assessed whether mWSD exposure was associated with changes in markers of beta-cell maturity and/or mitochondrial morphology that might explain the offspring islet phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllulose in human diet: the knowns and the unknowns.
Br J Nutr
July 2022
Institute of Medical Microbiology, Functional Microbiome Research Group University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074Aachen, Germany.
D-Allulose, also referred to as psicose, is a C3-epimer of D-fructose used as a sugar substitute in low energy products. It can be formed naturally during processing of food and drinks containing sucrose and fructose or is prepared by chemical synthesis or via enzymatic treatment with epimerases from fructose. Estimated intakes via Western style diets including sweetened beverages are below 500 mg per d but, when used as a sugar replacement, intake may reach 10 to 30 g per d depending on the food consumed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecreasing the linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid diet ratio increases eicosapentaenoic acid in erythrocytes in adults.
Lipids
August 2010
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Nichol Hall 1102, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
The n-6/n-3 fatty acid (FA) ratio has increased in the Western-style diet to approximately 10-15:1 during the last century, which may have contributed to the rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prior studies have evaluated the effects on CVD risk factors of manipulating the levels of n-6 and n-3 FA using food and supplements or investigated the metabolic fate of linoleic acid (LNA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) by varying the n-6/n-3 ratios. However, no previous studies have investigated the potential interaction between diet ratios and supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3).
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