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Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare inflammatory disease that causes the thickening of the dura mater. Its etiology is mainly classified as idiopathic or secondary, and autoimmune disease is one of the main causes of secondary HP. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and IgG4-related disease are common among autoimmune diseases.

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This case report describes a rare presentation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated hypertrophic pachymeningitis in a 49-year-old woman with cranial and spinal lesions. Initial management comprised decompressive laminectomy and steroid therapy, with the subsequent addition of immunosuppressant therapy following symptom recurrence. After a ten-year follow-up, significant symptom improvement and return of motor function were noted.

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Pediatric Meningeal Diseases: What Radiologists Need to Know.

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Evaluating altered mental status and suspected meningeal disorders in children often begins with imaging, typically before a lumbar puncture. The challenge is that meningeal enhancement is a common finding across a range of pathologies, making diagnosis complex. This review proposes a categorization of meningeal diseases based on their predominant imaging characteristics.

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