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Convergent evolution and predictability of gene copy numbers associated with diets in mammals.
Genome Biol Evol
January 2025
Ecological Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
Convergent evolution, the evolution of the same or similar phenotypes in phylogenetically independent lineages, is a widespread phenomenon in nature. If the genetic basis for convergent evolution is predictable to some extent, it may be possible to infer organismic phenotypes and the capability of organisms to utilize new ecological resources based on genome sequence data. While repeated amino acid changes have been studied in association with convergent evolution, relatively little is known about the potential contribution of repeated gene copy number changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUncovering the causal relationships in plant-microbe ecosystems: A time series analysis of the duckweed cultivation system for biomass production and wastewater treatment.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan; Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan.
The complex interplay among plants, microbes, and the environment strongly affects productivity of vegetation ecosystems; however, determining causal relationships among various factors in these systems remains challenging. To address this issue, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of a data analytical framework called empirical dynamic modeling, which identifies causal links and directions solely from time series data. By cultivating duckweed, a promising aquatic plant for biomass production and wastewater treatment, we obtained a 63-day time series data of plant productivity, microbial community structure, wastewater treatment performance, and environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroplastics in the Human Body: Exposure, Detection, and Risk of Carcinogenesis: A State-of-the-Art Review.
Cancers (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a (Collegium Pharmaceuticum), 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Humans cannot avoid plastic exposure due to its ubiquitous presence in the natural environment. The waste generated is poorly biodegradable and exists in the form of MPs, which can enter the human body primarily through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, or damaged skin and accumulate in various tissues by crossing biological membrane barriers. There is an increasing amount of research on the health effects of MPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Age at Cancer Diagnosis in a Homogenous Lynch Syndrome Cohort of Individuals Carrying the :c.1528C>T South African Founder Variant.
Biomedicines
September 2024
UCT/MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, and Affiliated Hospitals, Cape Town 7704, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores variations in the age at cancer diagnosis among Lynch syndrome patients, focusing on how genetic polymorphisms influence this variability, particularly in South Africans with specific germline pathogenic variants.
- - An analysis was conducted on 359 Lynch syndrome variant heterozygotes using advanced genetic testing methods to identify associations between genetic polymorphisms and the age at which cancer was diagnosed.
- - Results showed that certain genotypes increased the likelihood of younger cancer diagnosis, while others provided protective effects, suggesting that a mix of risk and protective genes plays a significant role in cancer onset age among Lynch syndrome patients.
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