: A Zoonotic Bacterium of Increasing Importance in Aquaculture.

is increasingly recognised to be an important pathogen responsible for disease losses in warm-water aquaculture and, similar to several other species, it can infect humans. Knowledge of is accumulating, but this species remains relatively under-investigated compared to its close relative, The significance of may have been overlooked in disease events of aquatic animals due to issues with reliable identification. Critical to appreciating the importance of this pathogen is the application of dependable molecular tools that enable accurate identification and discrimination from . and other motile aeromonads. This review aims to synthesise the key literature on , particularly with relevance to aquaculture, including knowledge of the bacterium derived from disease case studies in aquatic hosts. Identification methods and strain phylogeny are discussed, with accurate detection important for prompt diagnosis and for distinguishing strains with heightened virulence. Increasing evidence suggests that may be more virulent than and correct identification is required to determine the zoonotic risks posed, which includes concerns for antibiotic-resistant strains. This review provides an impetus to improve species identification in the future and screen strain collections of presumptive spp. retrospectively to reveal the true prevalence and impact of in aquaculture, the environment, and healthcare settings.