Current research progress, opportunities, and challenges of -based probiotic dietary strategies.

(), a type of spp., stands out as the most extensively researched probiotic. Its remarkable intestinal adhesion has led to widespread applications in both the food and medical sectors. Notably, recent research highlights the probiotic efficacy of sourced from breast milk, particularly in influencing social behavior and mitigating atopic dermatitis. In this review, our emphasis is on surveying recent literature regarding the promotion of host's health by . We aim to provide a concise summary of the latest regulatory effects and potential mechanisms attributed to in the realms of metabolism, brain- and immune-related functions. The mechanism through which promotes host health by modulating the intestinal microenvironment primarily involves promoting intestinal epithelial renewal, bolstering intestinal barrier function, regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites, and suppressing inflammation and immune responses. Additionally, this review delves into new technologies, identifies shortcomings, and addresses challenges in current research. Finally, the application prospects of are provided. Therefore, a better understanding of the role and mechanisms of will contribute significantly to the development of new probiotic functional foods and enable precise, targeted interventions for various diseases.