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TRMT1L-catalyzed mG27 on tyrosine tRNA is required for efficient mRNA translation and cell survival under oxidative stress.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:
tRNA modifications are critical for several aspects of their functions, including decoding, folding, and stability. Using a multifaceted approach encompassing eCLIP-seq and nanopore tRNA-seq, we show that the human tRNA methyltransferase TRMT1L interacts with the component of the Rix1 ribosome biogenesis complex and binds to the 28S rRNA as well as to a subset of tRNAs. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TRMT1L is responsible for catalyzing N2,N2-dimethylguanosine (mG) solely at position 27 of tRNA-Tyr-GUA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman TRMT1 and TRMT1L paralogs ensure the proper modification state, stability, and function of tRNAs.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Department of Biology, Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. Electronic address:
The tRNA methyltransferase 1 (TRMT1) enzyme catalyzes the N2,N2-dimethylguanosine (m2,2G) modification in tRNAs. Intriguingly, vertebrates encode an additional tRNA methyltransferase 1-like (TRMT1L) paralog. Here, we use a comprehensive tRNA sequencing approach to decipher targets of human TRMT1 and TRMT1L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecognition and cleavage of human tRNA methyltransferase TRMT1 by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
Elife
January 2025
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, United States.
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M or Nsp5) is critical for production of viral proteins during infection and, like many viral proteases, also targets host proteins to subvert their cellular functions. Here, we show that the human tRNA methyltransferase TRMT1 is recognized and cleaved by SARS-CoV-2 M. TRMT1 installs the ,-dimethylguanosine (m2,2G) modification on mammalian tRNAs, which promotes cellular protein synthesis and redox homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtTRM11 as a tRNA 2-methylguanosine methyltransferase modulates flowering and bacterial resistance via translational regulation.
Plant Sci
December 2024
College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China. Electronic address:
2-methylguanosine is an eukaryote-specific modified nucleoside in transfer RNAs, and mG10 is catalyzed by Trm11-Trm112 protein complex in eukaryotic tRNAs. Here, we show that loss-of-function mutation of the Arabidopsis Trm11 homolog AtTRM11 resulted in mG deficiency associated with disturbed ribosome assembly and overall transcriptome changes, including genes involved in flowering regulation and plant-pathogen interaction. The attrm11 mutant showed phenotypes of enlarged rosette leaves and early flowering, as well as enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas bacterial infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDownregulation of tRNA methyltransferase FTSJ1 by PM2.5 promotes glycolysis and malignancy of NSCLC via facilitating PGK1 expression and translation.
Cell Death Dis
December 2024
School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, 1066 Xueyuan Ave, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been associated with increased incidence and mortality of lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.
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