Natural visual scenes are dominated by sequences of transforming images. Spatial visual information is thought to be processed by detection of elemental stimulus features which are recomposed into scenes. How image information is integrated over time is unclear. We explored visual information encoding in the optic tectum. Unbiased stimulus presentation shows that the majority of tectal neurons recognize image sequences. This is achieved by temporally dynamic response properties, which encode complex image transitions over several hundred milliseconds. Calcium imaging reveals that neurons that encode spatiotemporal image sequences fire in spike sequences that predict a logical diagram of spatiotemporal information processing. Furthermore, the temporal scale of visual information is tuned by experience. This study indicates how neurons recognize dynamic visual scenes that transform over time.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11195111 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.10.598314 | DOI Listing |
iScience
January 2025
Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
The recognition of conspecifics, animals of the same species, and keeping track of changes in the social environment is essential to all animals. While molecules, circuits, and brain regions that control social behaviors across species are studied in-depth, the neural mechanisms that enable the recognition of social cues are largely obscure. Recent evidence suggests that social cues across sensory modalities converge in a thalamic area conserved across vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential molecule in biomedicine, recognized for its antibacterial properties, neuronal modulation, and use in inhalation therapies. The effectiveness of NO-based treatments relies on precise control of NO concentrations tailored to specific therapeutic needs. Electrochemical generation of NO (E-NOgen) via nitrite (NO ) reduction offers a scalable and efficient route for controlled NO production, while also addressing environmental concerns by reducing NO pollution and maintaining nitrogen cycle balance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosci Trends
January 2025
Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Cognitive impairment refers to the impairment of higher brain functions such as perception, thinking or memory that affects the individual's ability to perform daily or social activities. Studies have found that changes in neuronal activity during tasks in patients with cognitive impairment are closely related to changes in cerebral cortical hemodynamics. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is an indirect method to measure neural activity based on changes in blood oxygen concentration in the cerebral cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurobiol
January 2025
Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Xinpu New District Campus No. 1 Street, Zunyi, 563000, China.
Previous studies have shown that astrocyte activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), accompanied by upregulation of the astrocyte marker S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), contributes to comorbid anxiety in chronic inflammatory pain (CIP), but the exact downstream mechanism is still being explored. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) plays an important role in chronic pain and psychosis by recognizing ligands, including S100B. Therefore, we speculate that RAGE may be involved in astrocyte regulation of the comorbidity between CIP and anxiety by recognizing S100B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicon
January 2025
National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015, Monterotondo, RM, Italy. Electronic address:
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) has expanded its therapeutic uses beyond neuromuscular disorders to include treatments for various pain syndromes and neurological conditions. Originally recognized for blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions, BoNT/A's effects extend to both peripheral and central nervous systems. Its ability to undergo retrograde transport allows BoNT/A to modulate synaptic transmission and reduce pain centrally, influencing neurotransmitter systems beyond muscle control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!