AI Article Synopsis
- - The study assessed how quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines (MenACWY) affected the carriage of meningococcal bacteria in military recruits over a 5-week training period by comparing swab samples taken before and after vaccination.
- - Results showed that overall meningococcal carriage rates slightly decreased from 10.6% to 9.5%, but there was a significant reduction in specific serogroups ACWY, especially serogroup C, which had a vaccine effectiveness of 83.0%.
- - Despite the reductions in certain bacteria, some non-groupable strains increased and hypervirulent serogroup B strains persisted in the population, indicating that while MenACWY is effective, it may
Article Abstract
Objective: We evaluated the changes and molecular epidemiology of meningococcal carriage in military recruits after quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines (MenACWY) vaccination.
Methods: Oropharyngeal swabs were obtained at the beginning and end of the 5-week training. Carriage rates before and after vaccination were compared to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE). Cultured isolates were characterized by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).
Results: Of 866 vaccinated participants, the overall carriage rate was 10.6% prior to MenACWY vaccination and it tended to decrease to 9.5% after 5 weeks of vaccination (P = 0.424). Carriage rate of serogroup ACWY decreased significantly after vaccination (VE = 72.6%, 95% CI: 36.3-88.2), and serogroup C was particularly reduced (VE = 83.0%, 95% CI: 50.6-94.1), whereas non-groupable isolates increased significantly after vaccination (VE = -76.1%, 95% CI: -176.2 to -13.1). Among 99 carriage isolates with complete MLST profiles, 45 different sequence types with nine clonal complexes (CCs) were identified, and 35.3% of the carriage isolates belonged to hypervirulent strains such as CC-32, CC-41/44, and CC-269.
Conclusions: MenACWY vaccination in military recruits led to reduced carriage rates of serogroups C, W, and Y within a short 5-week period. However, serogroup B isolates belonging to the hypervirulent lineage remained after the implementation of MenACWY vaccination.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107150 | DOI Listing |
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