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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2409894121 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
College of Policy Studies, Tsuda University, Tokyo, 151-0051, Japan.
As artificial intelligence (AI) technology is introduced into different areas of society, understanding people's willingness to accept AI decisions emerges as a critical scientific and societal issue. It is an open question whether people can accept the judgement of humans or AI in situations where they are unsure of their judgement, as in the trolley problem. Here, we focus on justified defection (non-cooperation with a bad person) in indirect reciprocity because it has been shown that people avoid judging justified defection as good or bad.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Psychol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Social and Economic Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Group cooperation is a cornerstone of human society, enabling achievements that surpass individual capabilities. However, groups also define and restrict who benefits from cooperative actions and who does not, raising the question of how to foster cooperation across group boundaries. This study investigates the impact of voluntary mobility across group boundaries on intergroup cooperation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Psychiatry Med
January 2025
The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Objective: Despite the well-established increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases have been largely overlooked in this population. This manuscript reviews the pathophysiological basis of the connection between BD and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting their shared mechanisms, reciprocal interactions, and relevant prevention and treatment strategies.
Methods: For this narrative review, a search was carried out on PubMed using the keywords bipolar disorder, cardiovascular diseases, and cardiovascular risk factors.
Corticocortical (CC) projections in the visual system facilitate hierarchical processing of sensory information. In addition to direct CC connections, indirect cortico-thalamo-cortical (CTC) pathways through the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus can relay sensory signals and mediate cortical interactions according to behavioral demands. While the pulvinar connects extensively to the entire visual cortex, it is unknown whether transthalamic pathways link all cortical areas or whether they follow systematic organizational rules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Theor Biol
January 2025
RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 7-1-26 Minatojima-minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address:
Cooperation is fundamental to human societies, and indirect reciprocity, where individuals cooperate to build a positive reputation for future benefits, plays a key role in promoting it. Previous theoretical and experimental studies have explored both the effectiveness and limitations of costly punishment in sustaining cooperation. While empirical observations show that costly punishment by third parties is common, some theoretical models suggest it may not be effective in the context of indirect reciprocity, raising doubts about its potential to enhance cooperation.
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