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Pneumococcal Carriage in Burkina Faso After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction and Before a Schedule Change. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Burkina Faso implemented the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for children in October 2013, which led to a decrease in vaccine-type (VT) pneumococcal carriage among kids under 5 but not in older age groups.
  • - In a study comparing participants from 2017 and 2020, researchers found that VT carriage overall decreased from 21.6% to 15.9%, with significant reductions in children aged 5-14 years but not in younger children or adults.
  • - The findings suggest that while older children experienced a notable decrease in VT carriage, the stable rates among kids under 5 imply that the current PCV schedule without booster doses may

Article Abstract

Background: In October 2013, Burkina Faso introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the routine childhood immunization program using 3 primary doses with no booster. Previous pneumococcal carriage studies showed reductions in vaccine-type (VT) carriage in children aged <5 years but not in older age groups.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, age-stratified pneumococcal carriage study among healthy persons aged ≥1 month in Bobo-Dioulasso in March 2020. Pneumococci isolated by culture from nasopharyngeal swabs (all participants) and oropharyngeal swabs (participants aged ≥5 years) were serotyped by polymerase chain reaction; a subset was serotyped by Quellung. Using data from a study with the same design from March 2017, we examined changes in pneumococcal carriage by age group.

Results: Among 1005 (2017) and 1002 (2020) enrolled participants, VT carriage decreased (21.6% to 15.9%; adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 0.76 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .63-.92]). By age group, decline in VT carriage was significant among children aged 5-14 years (28.9% to 16.3%; aPR, 0.57 [95% CI, .39-.84]) but not among children aged <5 years (22.4% to 19.1%; aPR, 0.87 [95% CI, .70-1.09]) or adults aged ≥15 years (12.0% to 5.5%; aPR, 0.52 [95% CI, .26-1.05]).

Conclusions: Between 3 and 6 years after PCV13 introduction, significant declines in VT carriage were observed in older children, possibly reflecting indirect effects of PCV13 use. VT carriage in children aged <5 years remained stable with almost 1 in 5 carrying VT pneumococci, suggesting limitations to a PCV schedule without a booster dose.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191361PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae303DOI Listing

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