Orthopedic Manifestations of Disseminated Cryptococcal neoformans Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient: a Case Report.

J Orthop Case Rep

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Orthopaedic Trauma and Adult Reconstruction, ProMedica Toledo Hospital, Toledo, OH.

Published: June 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungus that primarily affects individuals with weakened immune systems, often leading to meningoencephalitis, but cases of muscle infections are rare.
  • A 45-year-old man with extensive cryptococcal infection developed multiple muscle abscesses and osteomyelitis, which led to surgery, an amputation, and ultimately death.
  • Increased awareness and rapid diagnosis of orthopedic complications from cryptococcal infections may enhance patient outcomes.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Cryptococccus neoformans is a fungus which typically presents in immunocompromised hosts, commonly presenting as meningoencephalitis. There have been very few documented incidents of intramuscular manifestations of this pathogen.

Case Report: We report on a case of a 45-year-old caucasian male with disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans who developed cryptococcal intramuscular abscesses of all extremities and osteomyelitis of the left upper limb. Clinical treatment and surgical debridement of the forearm was performed. Persistent infection resulted in a left humeral amputation and ultimately the patient's death. This is one of the few documented intramuscular abscesses of Cryptococcus neoformans.

Conclusion: Orthopedic manifestations of cryptococcal infections are rare; however, awareness and prompt diagnosis may improve outcomes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189094PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2024.v14.i06.4488DOI Listing

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