AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to determine if the 3-year changes in pulmonary function in sarcoidosis patients varied by pulmonary function type, race, and sex.
  • Out of 291 patients, those with restrictive pulmonary function experienced a more significant decline in lung capacity compared to patients with a normal phenotype, with black individuals showing worse pulmonary function at the start and a stable or declining trajectory over time.
  • The findings indicated notable disparities in pulmonary function changes based on race, but no differences were observed between male and female patients.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Given the heterogeneity of sarcoidosis, predicting disease course of patients remains a challenge. Our aim was to determine whether the 3-year change in pulmonary function differed between pulmonary function phenotypes and whether there were differential longitudinal changes by race and sex.

Methods: We identified individuals seen between 2005 and 2015 with a confirmed diagnosis of sarcoidosis who had at least two pulmonary function test measurements within 3 years of entry into the cohort. For each individual, spirometry, diffusion capacity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, sarcoidosis organ involvement, diagnosis duration, tobacco use, race, sex, age and medications were recorded. We compared changes in pulmonary function by type of pulmonary function phenotype and for demographic groups.

Results: Of 291 individuals, 59% (173) were female and 54% (156) were black. Individuals with restrictive pulmonary function phenotype had significantly greater 3-year rate of decline of FVC% (forced vital capacity) predicted and FEV% (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) predicted course when compared with normal phenotype. We identified a subset of individuals in the cohort, highest decliners, who had a median 3-year FVC decline of 156 mL. Black individuals had worse pulmonary function at entry into the cohort measured by FVC% predicted, FEV% predicted and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide % predicted compared with white individuals. Black individuals' pulmonary function remained stable or declined over time, whereas white individuals' pulmonary function improved over time. There were no sex differences in rate of change in any pulmonary function parameters.

Summary: We found significant differences in 3-year change in pulmonary function among pulmonary function phenotypes and races, but no difference between sexes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483203PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2023-221309DOI Listing

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