Eleven oleanane triterpenoids (-) including two new ones ( and ) were isolated from the roots and stems of . Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, comparison with literature, and NMR calculations. Compounds and represent the first examples of 23-hydroxy-28--oleanane and 21-hydroxy-olean-3-one triterpenoids, respectively. All isolates were evaluated for their PTP1B and -glucosidase inhibitory activities . Among them, the triterpene aglycones - showed almost equivalent PTP1B inhibitory activities to oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, while , , and the triterpene saponins - showed significant -glucosidase inhibitory activities. Furthermore, compounds and were proved to regulate the expression of proteins implicated the PTP1B/IRS-1/pIRS-1 signalling pathway to improve insulin resistance.
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