Copper-Catalyzed Borrowing Hydrogen Reaction for α-Alkylation of Amides with Alcohols.

J Org Chem

Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.

Published: July 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • This research showcases a new method for converting acetamides into functionalized amides using copper as a catalyst, incorporating alcohols through a process called borrowing hydrogen.
  • The process is straightforward, utilizing readily available Cu(OAc) as a precatalyst without needing extra ligands or complex metal structures, making it simpler than previous methods.
  • Mechanistic studies identify aldehyde and α,β-unsaturated amides as key intermediates, highlighting the copper's role in facilitating alcohol dehydrogenation and hydrogenating C═C bonds.

Article Abstract

We report the first example of copper-catalyzed α-alkylation of acetamides with alcohols via a borrowing hydrogen strategy. Catalyzed by the -generated copper particles, acetamides and various substituted benzyl or alkyl alcohols were transformed into functionalized amides in good yields with excellent selectivity. Compared with previous work, this process is simple using commercially available Cu(OAc) as a precatalyst, without an additional ligand or a metal complex, and easier. Mechanistic studies revealed that aldehyde and α,β-unsaturated amides were the intermediates of this reaction and also disclosed the role of copper in alcohol dehydrogenation and C═C bond hydrogenation.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c00404DOI Listing

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