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Introduction And Importance: Erectile dysfunction (ED) resulting from pelvic trauma, particularly cavernosal artery pseudoaneurysm, poses a complex clinical challenge. Traumatic injuries, including blunt force trauma, can lead to diverse vascular complications affecting erectile function. Recognizing and addressing these issues is pivotal for optimal patient management.

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Background: Over the past few decades, a number of studies have linked vitamin-D deficiency with ED (Erectile dysfunction) risk factors. There is a clear correlation between VD (vitamin-D) levels and ED, according to observational and interventional researches that have been reported in the literature. This crucial information encouraged scientists to investigate the impact of VD on erectile function in greater detail.

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Background: Colour duplex Doppler is a noninvasive tool for the evaluation of the vascular mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED). It can be used to determine the integrity of the vascular mechanism and to differentiate between arterial and venous insufficiency.

Objectives: To identify the vasculogenic causes of ED and subclassify them into arteriogenic, venogenic, or mixed to assist in predicting the clinical outcome.

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Previous published studies have shown an improvement of penile hemodynamic parameters after low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT). However, the clinical significance of these findings remains unclear, and definitive selection criteria for Li-ESWT based on preexisting comorbidities have yet to be established. This was an observational study of 113 patients with ED, evaluated between January 2019 and December 2021 in Andrology Unit at the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia (Foggia, Italy).

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Background: Atherosclerosis and insulin resistance play an important role in the development of erectile dysfunction (ED), and few studies have comprehensively evaluated more specific indicators like atherogenic indices and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in the assessment of ED.

Aim: This study aimed to reveal the role of atherogenic indices (atherogenic index of plasma [AIP], Castelli risk index-1/2 [CRI-1/2], and atherogenic coefficient [AC]) based on plasma lipid ratios, which have been used as more sensitive indicators of atherosclerosis in recent years, and the TyG index, a practical indicator of insulin resistance, in predicting vasculogenic ED.

Methods: The study included a total of 199 patients who met the inclusion criteria and a total of 51 control subjects without ED complaints according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores (>21) between May 2021 and October 2022.

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