Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of nanoscale membrane vesicles actively released by cells. These EVs can be further subdivided into categories like exosomes and microvesicles, based on their origins, sizes, and physical attributes. Significantly, disease-derived EVs have been detected in virtually all types of body fluids, providing a comprehensive molecular profile of their cellular origins. As a result, EVs are emerging as a valuable addition to liquid biopsy techniques. In this collective statement, the authors share their current perspectives on EV-related research and product development, with a shared commitment to translating this newfound knowledge into clinical applications for cancer and other diseases, particularly as disease biomarkers. The consensus within this document revolves around the overarching recognition of the merits, unresolved questions, and existing challenges surrounding EVs. This consensus manuscript is a collaborative effort led by the Committee of Exosomes, Society of Tumor Markers, Chinese anti-Cancer Association, aimed at expediting the cultivation of robust scientific and clinically applicable breakthroughs and propelling the field forward with greater swiftness and efficacy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2024-0188 | DOI Listing |
Methods Mol Biol
January 2025
Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, James Hutton Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Endocytosis is an essential cellular process that uptakes substances into cells at the plasma membrane from the extracellular space and plays a major role in plant development and responses to environmental stimuli. Research has shown that plant membrane-resident proteins are endocytosed and transported into plant endosomes in response to pathogen-secreted elicitors. However, there is no conclusive experimental evidence demonstrating how secreted cytoplasmic effectors from oomycetes and fungi enter host cells during infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences-Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
Epsilon toxin (ETX) from is a pore-forming toxin (PFT) that crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds to myelin structures. In in vitro assays, ETX causes oligodendrocyte impairment, subsequently leading to demyelination. In fact, ETX has been associated with triggering multiple sclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
December 2024
Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Purpose: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPCE) cells under oxidative stress may contribute to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) pathogenesis by altering gene expression in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. This study investigated the impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) carried by NPCE-derived EVs on HTM cell gene expression under oxidative stress conditions.
Methods: NPCE cells were exposed to oxidative stress, and EVs were isolated from control and stressed cells.
Metabolites
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
: The rise of drug-resistant strains presents a significant challenge in the treatment of Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by these parasites have gained attention for their role in drug resistance and host-pathogen interactions. : This study developed and applied a novel lipidomics workflow to explore the lipid profiles of EVs from three types of drug-resistant strains compared to a wild-type strain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fungi (Basel)
December 2024
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is a continuous global health concern, especially for immunocompromised populations. The World Health Organization recognized as one of four critical fungal pathogens, thus emphasizing the need for increased research efforts and clinical resource expansion. Currently, there are no fungal vaccines available for clinical use.
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