Background: The intricacies of nerve regeneration following injury have prompted increased research efforts in recent years, with a primary focus on elucidating regeneration mechanisms and exploring various surgical techniques. While many experimental animals have been used for these investigations, the rat continues to remain the most widely used model due to its cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience against diseases and surgical/anesthetic complications. A comprehensive evaluation of all the experimental rat models available in this context is currently lacking.
Methods: We summarize rat models of cranial nerves while furnishing descriptions of the intricacies of achieving optimal exposure.
Results: This review article provides an examination of the technical exposure, potential applications, and the advantages and disadvantages inherent to each cranial nerve model.
Conclusion: Specifically in the context of cranial nerve injury, numerous studies have utilized different surgical techniques to expose and investigate the cranial nerves in the rat.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787729 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Neurology, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, MEX.
Isolated ophthalmoplegia as an anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD65) antibody-associated neurological syndrome is rare. We present a case of a 22-year-old pregnant Hispanic female patient who presented initially with a left oculomotor nerve palsy following an emergency department (ED) visit for migraine headache. Brain imaging was done with no important findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFR Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA.
Millerettidae are a group of superficially lizard-like Permian stem reptiles originally hypothesized as relevant to the ancestry of the reptile crown group, and particularly to lepidosaurs and archosaurs. Since the advent of cladistics, millerettids have typically been considered to be more distant relatives of crown reptiles as the earliest-diverging parareptiles and therefore outside of 'Eureptilia'. Despite this cladistic consensus, some conspicuous features of millerettid anatomy invite reconsideration of their relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University and The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of diffusivity metrics of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) in the assessment of treatment effects.
Methods: MR-DTI examination for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) patients and the diffusivity metrics of the trigeminal ganglion (TG) were analyzed. Before and after the percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy (PSR) operation, the treatment effect was assessed using pain scores and MR-DTI.
Surg Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Padilla Hospital of Tucuman, San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina.
Background: Petroclival meningiomas are still a neurosurgical challenge due to their proximity to cranial nerves and cerebral vasculature along the surgical corridor. The usual extension of large petroclival meningiomas is along the posterior fossa, frequently compromising and displacing adjunct cranial nerves such as the sixth and seventh-eight cranial nerve complex with brainstem compression, causing progressive neurological deficit and severe headache. The goal of sizeable petroclival meningioma surgery treatment is a maximal resection with preservation of neurological function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.
Background: Intracranial chondrosarcomas are malignant tumors that most commonly affect the clivus region. For tumors in this location, the extended endoscopic endonasal approach could offer an alternative route. We present a case of pons herniation after this technique.
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