Impact of a tubeless, disposable insulin pump on emergency department visits and inpatient admissions among a Medicare population.

Background: A tubeless, disposable insulin pump (Omnipod DASH Insulin Management System, Insulet Corporation) has demonstrated improved glycemic outcomes for people with diabetes who require insulin. The impact of the system on downstream health care events has not been studied.

Objective: To assess health care resource utilization for a Medicare population before and after starting tubeless, disposable insulin pump therapy.

Methods: This retrospective, observational analysis used data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 100% Research Identifiable Files. Study outcomes included change in event rates for diabetes-related emergency department (DRED) visits, all-cause emergency department (ACED) visits, diabetes-related inpatient (DRIP) admissions, and all-cause inpatient (ACIP) admissions among Medicare beneficiaries who started the tubeless, disposable insulin pump in 2020 (postpump observation period) as compared with the same duration and calendar period in 2019 (prepump observation period) with no pump use. Subgroup analyses were performed based on Medicare entitlement reason, diabetes type, and diagnosis status for depressive disorder.

Results: A total of 811 users met the criteria for analysis: 46.2% had type 2 diabetes, a majority (59.2%) were aged 65 years or older, and 37.0% had a diagnosis for depressive disorder. Significant reductions were observed for DRED of -46.9% (95% CI = -63% to -23%); ACED of -29.0% (95% CI = -37% to -20%); ACIP of -19.9% (95% CI = -32% to -6%). DRIP rates declined notably (-36.6%; 95% CI = -61% to 4%). Event rates observed across subgroups demonstrated consistent downward trends; however, not all were statistically significant.

Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that use of the tubeless, disposable insulin pump was associated with reductions in DRED, ACED, and ACIP. Our results provide real-world evidence to support the use of the tubeless, disposable insulin pump among Medicare beneficiaries who require insulin, regardless of diabetes type or Medicare entitlement reason. Additional studies are recommended to further evaluate the effect of insulin pumps on health care utilization among the Medicare population and other insurance populations.