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Salivary cortisol measures across the clinical stages of psychosis: An individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
January 2025
King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK; Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:
Background: Studies of salivary cortisol levels in psychosis have yielded inconsistent findings, which may be attributable to heterogeneity in cortisol measurement, illness stage, and approaches to dealing with sampling factors and potential confounders. To address these issues, we performed an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis comparing individuals at different stages of psychosis to controls using five different salivary cortisol measures and explored potential effect modifiers.
Methods: Salivary cortisol data from five London-based cohorts were used to derive the cortisol awakening response, total daytime cortisol output, basal cortisol, and diurnal slope measures (wake-to-evening and peak-to-evening).
The short-, medium-, and long-term prevalence of physical health comorbidities in first-episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
HRB Open Res
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland.
Background: Individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) face an increased risk of physical comorbidities, notably cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, respiratory disorders, and certain types of cancer. Previous reviews report pooled physical health prevalence from chronic psychosis and FEP groups. By contrast, this review will focus on antipsychotic-naïve FEP cohorts and incorporate data from observational longitudinal studies and antipsychotic intervention studies to understand the progression of physical health comorbidities from the onset to later stages of psychosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissociative Trance Led to a Catastrophe: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Psychiatry, Dr. Kamal Psychiatric Hospital, Bethlehem, PSE.
Dissociation is a cognitive process that disrupts consciousness, identity, or memory. It is frequently used as a form of defense in response to significant stress or trauma. In serious situations, it might show as a dissociative disorder, which extremely impairs psychological functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYoung Adult Perspectives on Treatment Engagement and Family Communication During Psychosis.
Early Interv Psychiatry
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Fostering positive relationships with mental health professionals and involving family in treatment can reduce untreated psychosis duration and prevent dropout.
Aims: The present study explores the experiences of young adults with psychosis as they engage in mental health treatment and communicate with family caregivers. Describing their lived experiences would inform the clinical engagement process and pathways to clinical outcomes.
Criminal Offending and Incarceration in United States Adults With Early Phase Psychosis and Comorbid Substance Use Disorder.
Early Interv Psychiatry
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Aim: Studies have shown that people experiencing early phase psychosis (EPP) are at increased risk for criminal conviction and incarceration. However, there is limited data looking at overall legal burden. To address these gaps in the literature, the goal of this study was to categorise criminal charges and convictions using the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) uniform crime reporting (UCR) program, assess frequency of incarcerations, and describe the frequency of substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses and its relationship to criminal offending and incarceration in a well categorised EPP population.
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