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Transcriptomics analysis reveals molecular alterations underpinning spaceflight dermatology. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Spaceflight presents unique health risks for astronauts, particularly regarding skin health, which are not yet fully understood.
  • A comprehensive analysis using various biological datasets revealed significant changes in skin-related biological processes during spaceflight, including DNA damage and mitochondrial issues.
  • The study's results emphasize the potential for developing strategies to reduce skin damage from space travel and highlight the body's ability to adapt back to Earth's conditions after missions.

Article Abstract

Background: Spaceflight poses a unique set of challenges to humans and the hostile spaceflight environment can induce a wide range of increased health risks, including dermatological issues. The biology driving the frequency of skin issues in astronauts is currently not well understood.

Methods: To address this issue, we used a systems biology approach utilizing NASA's Open Science Data Repository (OSDR) on space flown murine transcriptomic datasets focused on the skin, biochemical profiles of 50 NASA astronauts and human transcriptomic datasets generated from blood and hair samples of JAXA astronauts, as well as blood samples obtained from the NASA Twins Study, and skin and blood samples from the first civilian commercial mission, Inspiration4.

Results: Key biological changes related to skin health, DNA damage & repair, and mitochondrial dysregulation are identified as potential drivers for skin health risks during spaceflight. Additionally, a machine learning model is utilized to determine gene pairings associated with spaceflight response in the skin. While we identified spaceflight-induced dysregulation, such as alterations in genes associated with skin barrier function and collagen formation, our results also highlight the remarkable ability for organisms to re-adapt back to Earth via post-flight re-tuning of gene expression.

Conclusion: Our findings can guide future research on developing countermeasures for mitigating spaceflight-associated skin damage.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166967PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00532-9DOI Listing

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