Sweat analysis is identified as a promising biochemical technique for the non-invasive assessment of human health status. Epidermal microfluidic patches are the predominant sweat sampling and sensing devices. However, the sweat stored inside the patches may suffer from evaporation loss of moisture, which can increase the concentration of biomarkers and cause the biochemical analysis results of sweat to deviate from the actual results. This study focuses on quantitatively analysing the sweat evaporation loss within epidermal microfluidic patches. Analytical models based on the dissolution diffusion mechanism and corresponding partial differential equations for the diffusion process were initially developed. The analytical solution of the equation was derived using the method of separation of variables, and the steady-state concentration distribution of water in the materials of microfluidic patches was calculated when considering the application of epidermal microfluidics. Evaporation losses of sweat through different paths were quantitatively calculated and analysed, including permeation through covers, diffusion along microchannels, and absorption by sidewalls. Then, experiments on the evaporation loss of sweat within microfluidic patches were conducted to validate the theoretical calculations and analytical results. At last, the design of the anti-evaporation structure for microfluidic patches was discussed. This study can provide theoretical and experimental references for the design of water-retention structures in epidermal microfluidic patches, which significantly enhances the overall reliability of sweat biochemical analysis results.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra03483j | DOI Listing |
Adv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Control and Manipulation of Microscale Living Objects, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Computation, Information and Technology (CIT), Technical University of Munich, Einsteinstraße 25, 81675, Munich, Germany.
Microparticle-templated droplets or dropicles have recently gained interest in the fields of diagnostic immunoassays, single-cell analysis, and digital molecular biology. Amphiphilic particles have been shown to spontaneously capture aqueous droplets within their cavities upon mixing with an immiscible oil phase, where each particle templates a single droplet. Here, an amphiphilic microparticle with four discrete hydrophilic patches embedded at the inner corners of a square-shaped hydrophobic outer ring of the particle (4C particle) is fabricated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
Carbon sequestration in deep saline aquifers is a promising strategy for reducing atmospheric CO emissions. However, salt precipitation triggered by the evaporation of formation brine into injected supercritical CO can cause injectivity and containment issues in near-wellbore regions. Predicting the distribution of precipitated salts and their impact on near-wellbore properties remains challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosens Bioelectron
March 2025
Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China. Electronic address:
Wearable sweat sensors offer a promising non-invasive approach for real-time physiological monitoring, with significant potential in personalized medicine. In this study, we present an innovative wearable patch designed for highly sensitive and accurate detection of uric acid (UA) in human sweat. The sensor integrates superior platinum-iron dual-atom catalysts (Pt/Fe DACs), developed based on iron single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs), to achieve selective and precise UA detection across a wide concentration range (6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
November 2024
UCAM-SENS, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, UCAM HiTech, Avda. Andres Hernandez Ros 1, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Sweat rate magnitude is a desired outcome for any wearable sensing patch dedicated to sweat analysis. Indeed, sweat rate values can be used two-fold: self-diagnosis of dehydration and correction/normalization of other physiological metrics, such as Borg scale, VO2, and different chemical species concentrations. Herein, a reliable sweat rate belt device for sweat rate monitoring was developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Wearable patch biosensors for noninvasive and continuous diabetes management through sweat glucose analysis present a promising prospect. However, how to obtain sweat samples safely and effectively remains a huge challenge, especially in a resting state. In this work, we propose an innovative wearable patch biosensor through a heat-stimulated approach for sweat collection.
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