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The non-uniformity and transient nature of laser-produced plasma are critical factors that affect the analysis of the extreme ultraviolet spectra of highly charged ions and the diagnosis of plasma states. This paper systematically investigates the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation and the hydrodynamic evolution of laser-produced nickel plasmas from two perspectives: high-spatio-temporal-resolution extreme-ultraviolet spectroscopic measurement and radiation hydrodynamics simulation. The consistency between the four-band experimental spectra and their theoretically simulated spectra confirms the accuracy of the atomic structure parameters and plasma state parameters. We also analyze the significant contribution of the 3d-4f double-excited state radiation to the spectral profile and discuss the influence of the self-absorption caused by plasma opacity on the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation. The findings are crucial for accurately understanding the characteristics of extreme ultraviolet radiation, the hydrodynamic evolution, and the application of medium- and high-Z laser-produced plasma as a pulsed short-wavelength light source.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.522198 | DOI Listing |
We report on continuous high-harmonic generation (HHG) at 1 kHz repetition rate from a liquid-sheet plasma mirror driven by relativistic-intensity near-single-cycle light transients. Through precise control of both the surface plasma density gradient and the driving light waveform, we can produce highly stable and reproducible extreme ultraviolet spectral quasi-continua, expected to correspond to the generation of stable kHz-trains of isolated attosecond pulses in the time domain. This confirms the exciting potential of liquid-sheet targets as one of the building blocks of future high-power attosecond lasers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensitive detection of incident acoustic waves over a broad frequency band offers a faithful representation of photoacoustic pressure transients of biological microstructures. Here, we propose a plasmon waveguide resonance sensor for responding to the photoacoustic impulses. By sequentially depositing Au, MgF, and SiO films on a coverslip, a composite waveguide layer produces a tightly confined optical evanescent field at the SiO-water interface with extremely strong electric field intensity, enabling the retrieval of photoacoustic signals with an estimated noise-equivalent-pressure (NEP) sensitivity of ∼92 Pa and a -6-dB bandwidth of ∼208 MHz.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
December 2024
School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Analogous to the aqueous solution where the pH of the solvent affects its multiple behaviors, the optical acidity and basicity of molten salts also greatly influence their thermophysical and thermochemical properties. In the study, we develop ion probes to quantitatively determine the acidity-basicity scale of molten NaCl-AlCl ( = 1.5-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Phys
December 2024
LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Laser spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms is a powerful tool for tests of fundamental physics. The 1-2 transition of hydrogen in particular is a cornerstone for stringent Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) tests and for an accurate determination of the Rydberg constant. We report laser excitation of the 1-2 transition in singly-ionized helium (He), a hydrogen-like ion with much higher sensitivity to QED than hydrogen itself.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China. Electronic address:
Restricted to the complex nature of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in various aquatic environments, the mechanisms of enhanced iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) formation in water containing both I and IO (designated as I/IO in this study) during the ultraviolet (UV)-chloramine sequential disinfection process remains unclear. In this study, four machine learning (ML) models were established to predict I-DBP formation by using DOM and disinfection features as input variables. Extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm outperformed the others in model development using synthetic waters and in cross-dataset generalization of surface waters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!