Background: Postburn axillary contracture is a common complication that leads to functional impairment and unsatisfactory aesthetic outcomes. The authors present their experience with axillary contracture reconstruction using preexpanded brachial artery perforator propeller (BAPP) flaps and provide a systematic review of other regional or free flaps.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent postburn axillary contracture reconstruction using preexpanded BAPP flaps from 2015 to 2022. Data on the flap characteristics and function of the affected shoulders were recorded. A systematic review was conducted by retrieving studies that assessed the outcomes of regional or free cutaneous/fasciocutaneous flaps for treating axillary contracture from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus published before October 1, 2023.
Results: Twelve preexpanded BAPP flaps measuring up to 26 × 11 cm (mean, 116.9 cm 2 ) survived completely with no major complications, and the donor sites were closed primarily. The average range of shoulder abduction increased from 77.9 to 141.7 degrees ( P = 0.002). The systematic review included 34 articles, reporting 12 regional and 3 free flaps. The most commonly reported flaps were the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, scapular flap, and parascapular flap. The overall complication rate ranged from 0 to 25%, and the average change in shoulder abduction ranged from 72.5 to 99.4 degrees.
Conclusions: Preexpanded BAPP flaps can be used effectively for reconstructing postburn anterior axillary fold contracture. Donor-site availability and the specific axillary contracture type should be considered when selecting a regional or free flap.
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