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Odd-Paired is Involved in Morphological Divergence of Snail-Feeding Beetles. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how body shape and size diversity in beetles, specifically within the genus Carabus, correlates with species richness and evolutionary processes.
  • Researchers identified a key gene, odd-paired (opa), that controls the morphological differences between slender and stout body shapes linked to different feeding methods.
  • The findings suggest that changes in the regulatory sequences of the opa gene may explain the variations in shape and size between subspecies, highlighting its potential importance in beetle adaptation and evolution.

Article Abstract

Body shape and size diversity and their evolutionary rates correlate with species richness at the macroevolutionary scale. However, the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying the morphological diversification across related species are poorly understood. In beetles, which account for one-fourth of the known species, adaptation to different trophic niches through morphological diversification appears to have contributed to species radiation. Here, we explored the key genes for the morphological divergence of the slender to stout body shape related to divergent feeding methods on large to small snails within the genus Carabus. We show that the zinc-finger transcription factor encoded by odd-paired (opa) controls morphological variation in the snail-feeding ground beetle Carabus blaptoides. Specifically, opa was identified as the gene underlying the slender to stout morphological difference between subspecies through genetic mapping and functional analysis via gene knockdown. Further analyses revealed that changes in opa cis-regulatory sequences likely contributed to the differences in body shape and size between C. blaptoides subspecies. Among opa cis-regulatory sequences, single nucleotide polymorphisms on the transcription factor binding sites may be associated with the morphological differences between C. blaptoides subspecies. opa was highly conserved in a wide range of taxa, especially in beetles. Therefore, opa may play an important role in adaptive morphological divergence in beetles.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11214159PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msae110DOI Listing

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