Background: We aimed to monitor the phenotypic changes in macrophages and their polarization in patients with acute viral respiratory diseases, including coronavirus disease diagnosis, focusing on the variations in the percentages of macrophages and monocytes and their sub-populations in those patients compared to healthy control. Moreover, we defined the correlation between macrophage subtypes and some inflammatory indices.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients with clinical and radiologic diagnosis of acute viral respiratory infection admitted in Al-Azhar and Assiut University hospitals were recruited. Fresh peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients and healthy controls for flow cytometric analysis using BD FACSCanto II analyzer equipped with three lasers.
Results: Compared to healthy controls, accumulation of cluster of differentiation (CD)11BCD68 macrophages (M) (P = 0.018), CD274 M1 (P = 0.01), CD274 M2 (P < 0.001), and CD80CD206 M2 (P = 0.001) was more evident in patients. Moreover, CD273 M2 (P = 0.03), CD80CD206 M1 (P = 0.002), and CD80CD86 M1 (P = 0.002) were highly expressed in controls compared with patients.
Conclusion: The examination of clinical specimens obtained from patients with signs of acute respiratory viral infection showed the role of the macrophage in the immune response. Dysfunction in macrophages results in heightened immune activity and inflammation, which plays a role in the progression of viral diseases and the emergence of accompanying health issues. This malfunction in macrophages is a common characteristic seen in various viruses, making it a promising focus for antiviral therapies with broad applicability. The immune checkpoint could be a target for immune modulation in patients with severe symptoms.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161185 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr5098 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
High performance COVID-19 screening using machine learning.
Tunis Med
January 2025
Laboratory of viruses, vectors and hosts: LR20IPT10, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur, 1002 Tunis Belvédère, Tunisia.
Since the World Health Organization declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as an international concern of public health emergency in the early 2020, several strategies have been initiated in many countries to prevent healthcare services breakdown and collapse of healthcare structures. The most important strategy was the increased testing, diagnosis, isolation, contact tracing to identify, quarantine and test close contacts. In this context, finding a rapid, reliable and affordable tool for COVID-19 screening was the main challenge to address the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew-onset refractory status epilepticus after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review of literature.
Croat Med J
December 2024
Athanasios, Nafpliou 1 C, Gerakas 15344, Athens, Greece,
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects the respiratory system, neurological symptoms were reported both during acute and post-acute COVID-19. Notably, patients with no history of epilepsy or other neurological conditions developed new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) weeks, months, or even up to a year following the viral infection. While NORSE is uncommon, it carries a high mortality rate and can result in permanent epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Evaluation of Three Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests for Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses Using RT-PCR as Reference Method.
J Med Virol
January 2025
Radiology department, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
To evaluate the performance of three rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) for detecting influenza A and B viruses compared to RT-PCR. A total of 291 subjects with acute respiratory infections were enrolled. Respiratory specimens were collected and tested for influenza A and B viruses using three RIDTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Activity of Behcet's Disease Associated with SARS-CoV-2 and Herpes Simplex Virus: Insights from Three Case Reports.
Int Med Case Rep J
January 2025
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Introduction: The Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) is crucial for monitoring the progression and treatment efficacy of Behçet's Disease (BD), an autoimmune disorder that can be triggered or exacerbated by viral infections. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has long been recognized as a potential trigger for BD, as it can induce systemic inflammation and exacerbate symptoms. In contrast, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged and may also initiate or worsen BD symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNRF2 Antioxidant Response and Interferon-Stimulated Genes Are Differentially Expressed in SARS-CoV-2-Positive Young Subjects.
Immun Inflamm Dis
January 2025
Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Background: Several respiratory viruses, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), suppress nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (NRF2) antioxidant response, generating oxidative stress conditions to its advantage. NRF2 has also been reported to regulate the innate immune response through the inhibition of the interferon (IFN) pathway. However, its modulation in younger individuals and its correlation with the IFN response remain to be elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!