The Rice-Vannucci model in rodent pups is subject to substantial loss of animals, result inconsistency, and high lab-to-lab variability in extent and composition of induced injury. This protocol allows for highly predictable and reproducible hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury lesions in post-natal day 10 Wistar rat pups with no mortality. We describe steps for common carotid artery ligation, brief post-operative normothermia, exposure to hypoxia, and post-hypoxic normothermia. Precise timing and temperature control in each step are crucial for a successful procedure. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Hartman et al..
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103025 | DOI Listing |
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a brain injury that occurs in 1 ~ 5/1000 term neonates. Accurate identification and segmentation of HIE-related lesions in neonatal brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) is the first step toward identifying high-risk patients, understanding neurological symptoms, evaluating treatment effects, and predicting outcomes. We release the first public dataset containing neonatal brain diffusion MRI and expert annotation of lesions from 133 patients diagnosed with HIE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly Hum Dev
January 2025
Division of Neonatology, Department of Maternal, Fetus and Perinatal Center, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
Background: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is still associated with death and sequelae including cerebral palsy and intellectual disability despite induced hypothermia. Biomarkers, as early predictive indicators of adverse outcomes, are lacking.
Aims: To investigate whether post-rewarming cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-neuro-specific enolase (NSE) levels after hypothermia are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at age six years, alone or when combined with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as neuroimaging and neurophysiological indicators, respectively.
Early Hum Dev
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
Objectives: To build an early, prognostic model for adverse outcome in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH) based on brain magnetic resonance images (MRI), electrophysiological tests and clinical assessments were performed during the first 5 days of life.
Methods: Retrospective study of 182 neonates with HIE and managed with TH. The predominant pattern of HIE brain injury on MRI performed following cooling was scored by neuroradiologists.
J Dev Orig Health Dis
January 2025
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Preterm birth exposes the neonate to hypoxic-ischaemic and excitotoxic insults that impair neurodevelopment and are magnified by the premature loss of placentally supplied, inhibitory neurosteroids. The cerebellum is a neuronally dense brain region, which undergoes critical periods of development during late gestation, when preterm births frequently occur. We propose that neurosteroid replacement therapy using tiagabine and zuranolone will protect the cerebellum against preterm-associated insults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Background/objectives: Cardiac arrest may cause significant hypoxic-ischemic injury leading to coma, seizures, myoclonic jerks, or status epilepticus. Mortality is high, but accurate prognostication is challenging. A multimodal approach is employed, in which electroencephalography (EEG) forms a key part with several recognised patterns of prognostic significance.
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