Lymphatic transport shapes the homeostatic immune repertoire of lymph nodes (LNs). LN-resident memory T cells (T) play an important role in site-specific immune memory, yet how LN T form de novo after viral infection remains unclear. Here, we tracked the anatomical distribution of antiviral CD8 T cells as they seeded skin and LN T using a model of vaccinia virus-induced skin infection. LN T localized to the draining LNs (dLNs) of infected skin, and their formation depended on the lymphatic egress of effector CD8 T cells from the skin, already poised for residence. Effector CD8 T cell transit through skin was required to populate LN T in dLNs, a process reinforced by antigen encounter in skin. Furthermore, LN T were protective against viral rechallenge in the absence of circulating memory T cells. These data suggest that a subset of tissue-infiltrating CD8 T cells egress from tissues during viral clearance and establish a layer of regional protection in the dLN basin.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.adk8141 | DOI Listing |
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